Frequently Asked Questions

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Can keeping a journal help me?

The journal writing process should be of help, not just to negotiation researchers, but also to you as you fill out the journal. Here are some of the benefits of filling out the journal:

  • Journal writing enhances self-reflection, which is a key component of strategic thinking2 and leadership.3 Self-reflection has also been shown to enhance problem-solving: those trained to engage in self-reflection solved more problems, more accurately, and in less time than did those not trained in self-reflection.4

  • The pre-negotiation section reminds negotiators to consider all aspects of their negotiation, including those highlighted by the most renowned negotiation books (e.g., Getting to Yes, The Art and Science of Negotiation).
  • Journal writing enhances self-awareness in negotiation, and enhanced self-awareness helps people resist opponent's persuasive arguments1
  • Expressing one's thoughts and emotions in a written format has been shown to help professional employees cope with stressful events,5 and is associated with clearer patterns of thought when facing difficult challenges.6 Expression writing can also enhance a person's sense of self-control and efficacy.7


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What will I be asked to do?

(1) Before your negotiation, describe the negotiation and answer some questions about yourself.
(2) Three times during the negotiation, describe your approach to the negotiation and the other party-once at the beginning of negotiations, once in the middle, and once at the end.
(3)After the negotiation, assess the outcome.


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How will data be used?

Your responses will be used for research purposes only, and will be COMPLETELY CONFIDENTIAL. No names of companies or people will ever be listed, and reports will only include summary data.


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How long will it take?

The pre-negotiation entry will take about 30 minutes. The post-negotiation will take about 10 minutes. It should take about 25 minutes for each of the 3 journal entries.


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Who are the researchers?

Ray Friedman is a professor at Vanderbilt Univerisity's Owen Graduate School of Management, who specializes in the study of negotiation and dispute resolution. If you would like to see more about Professor Friedman, visit his web site at
http://mba.vanderbilt.edu/external/faculty/fac_friedman.htm
Carsten DeDreu is a professor at the department of psychology of the University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands). He specializes in negotiation and small group conflict. If you would like to see more about Professor DeDreu, visit his web site at www.uva.psy.nl (under construction, expected May 2001).


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What kind of feedback will I get?

(1) When you fill out the personality survey, you will be provided with an assessment of your scores and what they mean.
(2) When you finish your negotiation, you will get a "journal summary" that shows how your responses changed over time.
(3) After we have collected some data, we will provide you with a report showing how your responses compared to others.


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What kind of questions will be asked?

Some of the questions will be quantitative. That is, you will respond to items using a scale. These responses are added to create several numerical indexes. Some questions will be qualitative. That is, you will asked a question and be able to write out whatever your response is to that question.


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Can I fill out a journal for a negotiation that has already begun?

We prefer that you begin the journal process when the negotiations begin.


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Is any kind of negotiation acceptable?

Yes, with one exception. If it is a type of negotiation that happens very quickly (e.g., a few hours) then it may not make sense to keep a journal.


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Can we ask you more questions before starting?

Yes. Ray Friedman can be reached at (615) 322-3992, or at Ray.Friedman@Owen.Vanderbilt.Edu. Carsten DeDreu can be reached at ao_dedreu@macmail.psy.uva.nl.


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